吉岡又七郎

Yoshioka Matashichirō

Yoshioka Matashichirō is the man the 1654 monument says gathered several hundred Yoshioka pupils at a pine tree outside Kyoto to attack Musashi. Almost nothing else about him is recorded.

Life

Not recorded

Notes on the dates below

Evidence

Traditional

How sure the record is that he lived and did this

Evidence grade: Traditional

Episodes

1

Home

Kyoto

Duel record

No single bout. The 1654 monument says he gathered a crowd against Musashi and that Musashi scattered it.

Evidence grade: Traditional
Born
Not recorded. No early source gives his age. Stories of a child Matashichirō come from 20th-century novels.
Died
Not recorded. Books of 1755 and 1776 say Musashi killed him; the 1654 monument does not.
Side
Yoshioka school, Kyoto

Who he was

Evidence grade: Traditional · Later accounts

The record on Matashichirō is thin. His name is written 又七郎, Matashichirō. The 1654 monument calls him a Yoshioka and gives him one act: he gathered the Yoshioka pupils.

His age is not recorded in any early source. His kinship is not recorded either. A book of 1755 calls him the son of Seijūrō, but a research site treats that as a guess. A seventeen-year-old Matashichirō and a child in armour come from novels of 1932 and 1967, as a scholar's commentary describes them. Those are fiction.

A 1716 book names a different Yoshioka, Matasaburō (又三郎), a son of the house who died in 1614. The two names are close, but the sources give them separately.

The film shows him as an adult. That is a design choice.

The road to the fight

Evidence grade: Traditional · Later accounts

The 1654 monument says the Yoshioka pupils nursed a grudge. They whispered that by skill he could not be opposed, and that they should plan in the tent.

Then, the monument says, Matashichirō, "under pretext of martial practice", brought several hundred pupils together at a pine tree outside the city. They carried weapons and bows and arrows. Their aim was to kill Musashi suddenly.

"Several hundred" is the monument's claim, and it cannot be checked. One museum text says the real number was dozens or about 150. A version in a later Kumamoto biography says dozens.

Where the pine was is also uncertain. The monument says only "outside the city". The name Ichijōji appears first in a note in the 1755 book. Kyoto City records a rival site.

The pine

Evidence grade: Traditional · Later accounts

The monument says Musashi had "a gift for knowing things beforehand". He sensed the plot and quietly told his own pupils to stand aside. To him, the crowd was like floating clouds. When he scattered his enemies, it was like hounds chasing a fierce beast. He came back into Kyoto in triumph.

The monument says nothing about what happened to Matashichirō. It describes no single exchange and no number of dead.

A Chikuzen book of about 1727 adds more. In it the Yoshioka carry spears, naginata and bows. Musashi has ten-odd pupils. A seventeen- or eighteen-year-old rushes ahead and is hit by an arrow. Musashi tells the rest to withdraw calmly. He fights on alone, retreating through the crowd, until city officials stop it.

The film tells the pine fight from the 1727 book, then gives the monument's version. The movements on screen are the film's own invention.

After, and how we know

Evidence grade: Traditional · Later accounts

The famous version, in which Musashi comes before dawn and cuts Matashichirō down, is later. It appears in books of 1755 and 1776 as a story Musashi was said to have told. The oldest account, the 1654 monument, says nothing of a killing. The film says so.

The monument says the Yoshioka martial house was finished. Other records say the family did not vanish. A 1716 book names Yoshioka Matasaburō, a son of the house, who in 1614 drew a hidden blade at the Imperial noh and cut down guards before he was killed. The court record the book quotes describes that incident but does not name the Yoshioka.

We do not know what became of Matashichirō. The sources do not say.

Sources

  1. Kokura monument inscription (Kokura hibun), put up by Musashi's adopted son Miyamoto Iori at Tamukeyama, Kokura (1654)

    Primary source · A family memorial written about nine years after Musashi died. It is not an independent witness: for the early bouts it follows his own book. The linked Kitakyushu City page is about the monument; it does not support the duel claims. The Japanese text was read in a modern reading (Fukuda Masahide, 2003, as reproduced on Japanese Wikipedia) and in the 1716 printing, not on the weathered stone.

  2. Tachibana (Tanji) Hokin, Tanji Hokin Hikki (also titled Heiho Taiso Bushu Genshin-ko Denrai) (1727)

    Later tradition · The earliest surviving written version of the Arima story and the source of the pine fight in Episode 2. Written about 130 years after the Arima bout. Read through a modern scholar's transcription of the Yoshioka passage (linked; archived copy); the manuscripts were not seen. The date of the Yoshioka passage is inferred.

  3. Toyoda (Hashizu) Masanobu, Bukoden (Life of Lord Musashi), Higo line (1755)

    Later tradition · A biography written in Kumamoto about 150 years after the Kyoto fights. Source of the dated years 1596 and 1599, which are sums from Musashi's age, and of the late-arrival and killing-at-the-pine stories. Read through a modern scholar's transcription (linked; archived copy), not the manuscripts.

  4. Toyoda Kagehide, Nitenki (Record of Niten) (1776)

    Later tradition · A later Kumamoto biography built on the Bukoden. Adds the name Sasaki Kojiro, the date in the 4th lunar month, and the age of 18 for him. Not read in full; quoted passages were read through other writers.

  5. Hinatsu Shigetaka, Honcho Bugei Shoden (Short Lives of Japan's Martial Artists), Yoshioka entry and copy of the Kokura inscription (1716)

    Later tradition · Read as page images in the 1915 Bujutsu Soshu reprint (National Diet Library). Gives a Kyoto-side version with a different ending: no winner. It is an Edo-period collection, not a Yoshioka family account. Also quotes the 1614 record of the Imperial noh incident.

  6. Sunpu Seiji Roku (record of the shogun's court at Sunpu), entry for the 6th lunar month of Keicho 19, as quoted by Hinatsu Shigetaka (1614)

    Primary source · A near-contemporary court record of a violent incident at the Imperial noh performance. The quoted entry does not name the Yoshioka. The original entry was not seen; it is read through the 1716 quotation.

  7. Hyogo Prefectural Museum of Art, Miyamoto Musashi-kan (retelling of the Hirafuku tradition)

    Modern work · A museum's retelling that blends the 1727 story with modern local tradition. Also notes that the numbers at the pine were in practice dozens or about 150.

  8. Kyoto City historical monument inventory, entry SA002 (Ichijoji pine monument)

    Modern work · Records that the 1921 Ichijoji monument commemorates a tradition, that a rival site at Kitano is known, and that the usual identification is questioned.

  9. Suzuki Koji / Harima Musashi Kenkyukai, Miyamoto Musashi research site (Go Rin no Sho edition and source commentary, musasi.siritai.net) (2003-16)

    Modern work · A private research site, careful about manuscript variants and quotations. The site did not load from the project's computers on 20-10-2026 and 30-10-2026; pages were read earlier or through the Internet Archive. It argues its own positions, so contested points need a second source.

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